Furthermore, nuclear HOTAIRM1 promoted EGR1 ubiquitination by enhancing the MDM2-EGR1 interaction, while cytoplasmic HOTAIRM1 increased ULK3 expression by competitively sponging miR-152-3p, therefore contributing to leukemia cell autophagy and proliferation (Fig. 9). The gene discussed is HOTAIRM1; the disease is leukemia.