TP53 and cancer: Collectively, these observations not only provide novel insight into the biologic relevance of Ras-p53 cooperativity in the clinical arena, but also establish Ras-p53 cooperativity as a high-risk genomic subgroup of GI cancers that manifest a clinical phenotype defined by chemoresistance, aggressive non-salvageable metastatic proclivity, and dismal cancer-related survival.