FABP4 and diabetes mellitus: Studies have shown that increased FABP4 plasma levels predict development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease (Xu et al., 2007; Ohyama et al., 2013; Höbaus et al., 2018; Rodríguez-Calvo et al. , 2017).