Administration of the non-specific inhibitor NOS inhibitor, Na-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), or the nNOS inhibitor Nw -propyl-L-arginine, blocks recovery from form deprivation myopia (FDM), or compensation to +10 D lens-induced defocus due to inhibition of choroidal thickening and dis-inhibition of scleral proteoglycan synthesis (Nickla et al., 2009; Nickla and Wildsoet, 2004). The gene discussed is NOS1; the disease is myopia.