PTPN11 and melanoma: SHP2 mutations have been correlated with the onset of tumors like myelodysplastic syndrome and juvenile acute myeloid leukemia, melanoma, neuroblastoma, and colon cancer (listed in COSMIC database https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic), as well as with syndromes, such as NOONAN and LEOPARD syndromes13, 14, 15 characterized by an increased propensity to develop cancer.