EPAS1 and cancer: This process of cancer cells is regulated by many oncogenes or oncogenic pathways, such as MYC (myelocytomatosis oncogene), P53, hypoxia inducible factor-1α, 2α (HIF-1α, HIF-2α), AMPK (adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase)/mTOR signal pathway, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (24).