Since 2009, targeting the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has changed the clinical course for NSCLC patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) rearrangements (7–10). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.