AUC and Cmax GMR (95%CI) of atorvastatin, another CYP3A substrate, was increased 2.14 (1.52–3.02) fold in healthy elderly and 4.15 (2.98–5.79) fold in elderly patients with CKD, indicating decreased CYP3A activity related to ageing. This evidence concerns the gene CYP3A4 and chronic kidney disease.