ADCYAP1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Moreover, in an in vitro model of ALS, PACAP treatment increased cell survival through the activation of PKA/EGFR/MMP-2 axis (Maugeri et al., 2019), while in motor cortex of ALS patients, PACAP and its receptor PAC1 mRNA levels were dysregulated (Bonaventura et al., 2018).