ASS1 and carcinoma: In a cohort of RNA samples isolated from 60 adenoma and 8 carcinoma samples paired with healthy control tissues from the same patients (Fig. 2D) and in a separate cohort of paraffin-embedded tissue from 70 healthy, 12 adenoma and 75 stage III carcinoma patients, a similar increase of ASS1 protein expression was observed (Fig. 2E and Supplemental Fig. 2C).