Sixteen weeks of supplementation with artichoke leaf extract having high LU content not only prevented obesity and metabolic disorders but also reduced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity animal model, as demonstrated by the reduced plasma interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-1β, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels [62]. The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.