EPO and anemia (phenotype): However, high levels of EPO are administered in cases of anemia (around 300–500 IU/kg) (Santoro and Canova, 2005), doses of between 60 and 350 IU/kg are administered for doping purposes (Jelkmann and Lundby, 2011), and the highest doses of EPO are used to promote neuroprotection in stroke cases, for example, with levels between 10 k and 40 k IU/kg (Mcpherson and Juul, 2008).