In these microglia, there is a concomitant increase in SOCS3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels; therefore, SOCS3 is thought to inhibit microglial M1 polarization in AD by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to block IL-6 production (Iwahara et al., 2017). The gene discussed is SOCS3; the disease is Alzheimer disease.