INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: There are 43 disease-related pathways, including type 1 diabetes(T1DM), T2DM, pancreatic cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cancer pathway, tuberculosis, etc. Inflammation-related pathways include TNF signaling pathway, nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, etc. In addition, there are the HIF-1 signaling pathway, insulin resistance pathway, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, etc. AM-AS compound may act on these pathways against DN.