Of these Lck, Lyn, Fgr, Stat3 and PDGFR are known to have functions involved in the regulation of cells that contribute to inflammation and pathology in IBD, while others have roles in the regulation of endothelial and epithelial cells (eNOS, b-catenin) or have signalling roles in many cell types (Erk 1/2, Akt, AMPKa, p70 S6K, p53, RSK-1). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and inflammatory bowel disease.