CSPG4 and Anxiety: To our surprise, this anxiety-like behavior in CSDS mice was closely replicated when simple photoactivation of hippocampal NG2 glia was applied in vivo without affecting the mice locomotor activity or social avoidance behavior (Figs. 6e–h, 7a, b, Supplementary Figs. 13, 14 and Supplementary Movies 4, 5), suggesting NG2 glia activation directly triggers anxiety-like behavior.