CTBP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To further demonstrate the role of β-ARs in HCC development and progression and to confirm its clinical relevance, we collected cohorts of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data sets for which genome-wide gene expression and survival data were publicly available and examined how the β-ARs expression (i.g., ADRB1, ADRB2, and ADRB3) correlates with patient survival.