Consistently, flow cytometry analysis also indicated that blockade of β-ARs signaling abrogated the EE-mediated increase of CD8+ T cells and decreased G-MDSCs and M2-like TAMs in the tumor microenvironment of either DEN + CCl4 tumor model (Fig. 4J) or Hepa1-6 subcutaneous tumor model (Fig. 4K). This evidence concerns the gene CTBP1 and neoplasm.