Since alterations in glia play a significant role in neuropathic pain and mood disorders (Burke et al., 2013), we analyzed changes in microglia and astrocytes fifteen days after PSNL using immunohistochemistry for the microglial marker Iba1 and the astrocyte marker GFAP in the hippocampus, prefrontal, anterior cingulate and anterior insula, somatosensory cortex (S1 and S2), motor areas (primary (M1) and secondary (M2) motor cortex). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is mood disorder.