Shorter duration of illness for CFS patients had significantly lower levels compared to CFS patients with longer duration of illness for TNF-α, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3 and IL-10 (p ​≤ ​.001, for these cytokines). Here, TGFB1 is linked to myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.