The systemic inflammatory response in normal pregnancy is very similar to findings in patients with sepsis i.e., leukocytosis, increased monocyte priming, increased phagocytic activities, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and TNF-α (76, 77). This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and Increased total leukocyte count.