EVs, which contain exosomes, produced by the spinal cord tissue in ALS mouse models and ALS patients are rich in misfolded and non-native disulfide-cross-linked aggregates of SOD1, and the central nervous system-derived EVs in ALS mouse models are secreted by astrocytes and neurons, but not microglia (Silverman et al., 2019). Here, SOD1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.