Such observations are extremely important moving towards the clinicalsetting given the complex aetiology and progressive nature of type 2 diabetesmellitus in humans.77 Subsequent investigations characterised a novel GLP-1/xenin hybrid peptide(exendin-4/xenin-8-Gln) that exhibited positive antidiabetic actions in high fat fed mice,78 highlighting positive effects of combined modulation of GLP-1 and xeninrelated signalling pathways in diabetes. The gene discussed is COPA; the disease is diabetes mellitus.