RT‐qPCR and Western blotting measurements showed that although mRNAs of these genes were not altered in ESCC tissues as relative to NATs, their protein products SMNDC1, MTHFD2, and PNO1 were markedly elevated (Figure S8C,D), thus underscoring the high activity of posttranscriptional regulation in ESCC. The gene discussed is MTHFD2; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.