For instance, the use of small-molecule kinase inhibitors substantially improved treatment-response rates in patients with ALK receptor tyrosine kinase [ALK- (Kwak et al., 2010; Solomon et al., 2014)], RET- (Drilon et al., 2020) and ROS1-rearranged cancers (Shaw et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene ROS1 and cancer.