Randomized trials evaluating small-molecule inhibitors in patients diagnosed with ROS1-, NTRK1- and RET-rearranged cancer are ongoing but preliminary phase 1 and phase 2 studies have shown promising results, with improved outcomes compared to historical controls undergoing chemotherapy (Shaw et al., 2014; Drilon et al., 2018; 2020). The gene discussed is ROS1; the disease is cancer.