MXD3 and cancer: Surprisingly, out of the over 88,000 pure compounds reported for anticancer activities against panels of NCI cancer cell lines, we identified only two synthetic compounds, (5E)-5-[(4-ethylphenyl) methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (S764582) and 7-nitro-N-(2-phenylphenyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-amine (S764609), that specifically targeted the MXD3 signaling pathway.