TNF and renal fibrosis: Quantitative PCR indicated a significant reduction in the expression of renal fibrosis-related genes (Col1a1 (collagen alpha-1 type 1), TIMP1 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1), TGFβ1 (Transforming Growth Factor beta 1)) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 (Interleukin 6), TNFα (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha), and MCP-1 (Monocyte Chemoattractant protein 1)) in the kidneys of the CKD-LPD group compared with the CKD-NPD group.