2017). MSU crystals can directly activate the TLRs. The activated TLRs can form a complex through the C-terminal Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of MyD88, and finally activate NF-κB (Wang et al. 2017). After NF-κB is activated, it starts the transcription of related genes, promotes the release of cytokines, which in turn can further activate NF-κB, thus forming a positive feedback loop, constantly enhancing the inflammatory response (Aderem and Ulevitch 2000). Previous study indicated that isovitexin suppresses NF-κB pathway in osteoarthritis (Hu et al. 2021). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is osteoarthritis.