In this regard, experimental studies have revealed that diet-induced obese mice include high-fat and high-sugar diets53,57,58 or n-3 PUFA deficient diets51 and chronic high-fat DIO mice53 lowered BDNF expression in the hippocampus by more than 30%, which has been associated to weaker inhibitory regulation of food consumption and, as a result, promoted obesity-related phenotype, while low-fat mice showed no difference. Here, BDNF is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.