CALR and neoplasm: Once the OV or oHSV arrives at the tumor, infection results in immunogenic cell death, as well as the release or exposure of viral antigens or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including neoantigens and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as ATP, HMGB1, calreticulin, and an inflammatory response [14,15,16].