This has led to p16 being included in the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system of OPSCC, where p16+ tumours now have a novel staging system distinct from the staging of p16− tumours [17]. This evidence concerns the gene CDKN2A and neoplasm.