PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In one study utilizing gMDSCs from patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Kim et al. found that in patients who did not respond to anti-PD-1-therapy (using nivolumab), a higher number of gMDSC-associated chemokines (including CXCL2, CCL23, and CX3CL1) were increased compared to patients who responded to treatment [95].