Bure et al. highlighted that HOTAIR knockdown in GIST cells modulates the expression of genes involved in the organization and disassembly of the extracellular matrix and induces locus-specific alterations of DNA methylation patterns, especially in DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), RASSF1 (Ras association domain family member 1) and ALDH1A3 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3) genes [152]. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A3 and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.