Mather et al. [147] found that, while REST is consistently downregulated in NEPC versus CRPC/adenocarcinoma samples, HOTAIR is expressed at very similar levels in the two groups, suggesting that the protein REST plays a pivotal role in inhibiting NEPC transdifferentiation, and that this effect is not mediated by HOTAIR [147]. The gene discussed is HOTAIR; the disease is adenocarcinoma.