Instead, upon depletion of myoepithelial cells and ColXV expression during cancer progression, the important regulatory link between ColI and luminal epithelium is lost, leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition EMT, the upregulation of N-cadherin through the activation of the DDR1-Pyk2 pathway and tumour cell invasion, as has been shown to occur in pancreatic cancer [26]. Here, DDR1 is linked to cancer.