Taken together, these results seem to suggest that the kinetics of release and presence in the bloodstream for HMGB1 and histone-related molecules (i.e., nucleosomes and citrullinated H3) are different, and point to a landscape in which monitoring of HMGB1 levels is more useful for earlier stages of sepsis diagnosis and to predict long ICU stays, whereas increased levels of CitH3 would be more reliable for monitoring and prediction of septic shock onset, organ failure, and death. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and Sepsis.