HMGB1 and Sepsis: Interestingly, levels of HMGB1 stood out with a 100.0% sensitivity and 90.0% specificity to differentiate between control and case groups, indicating that the presence of HMGB1 is a reliable biomarker for the septic state as compared to critically ill noninfected individuals from ICU, and thus supporting its use as an early marker of sepsis.