The obtained results logically reveal some important questions as follows: whether the particularities of the previous intervention targeted primary-diagnosed bladder tumor in patients whose tissues were used in PDX modeling, have an impact on further experimental anti-PD-L1 therapy; whether there is any link between the aforementioned biomarkers and clinical outcomes in low- and high-grade cohorts of patients with recurrent double-negative p53-expressing NMIBC regarding treatment options. Here, TP53 is linked to urinary bladder neoplasm.