Several studies documented that humans with HF exhibit increased LV SGLT1 mRNA or protein expression as compared with non-failing controls, including those with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [41], ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) [39,41,51], hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) [39], and also those with T2DM [41,51,54], or mixed cohorts of these HF etiologies [54]. This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A1 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.