AKT1 and cancer: Many oncogenic proteins, such as class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3KCI), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Bcl-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), may suppress autophagy, while others, including PI3KCIII, PTEN, Death-Associated Protein Kinases (DAPKs), Beclin-1, Bax-interacting factor 1 (Bif-1) and p53 (depending on the type of cancer), promote it [79,80,81].