PLOD1 and depressive symptom measurement: Kulkarni and her collaborators [116] used the positive-and-negative-syndrome-scale (PANSS) and the Montgomery-Asberg-Depression-Rating Scale (MADRS) to determine the influence of various hormones (estradiol, progesterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)) on the psychopathology of 45 women with schizophrenia.