The clearest reflection in CSF of the synaptic degeneration that occurs in AD is the family of ‘long’ neuronal pentraxins (NPTX1, NPTX2) and its receptor NPTXR since they constitute the most consistently decreased proteins in CSF and they display a direct function in neural differentiation [72], synaptogenesis [73] and synaptic plasticity [74,75,76]. This evidence concerns the gene NPTX1 and Alzheimer disease.