BRAF and thyroid gland carcinoma: In pilocytic astrocytomas, the KIAA1549 and BRAF genes are frequently found fused as a result of tandem duplication, and in papillary thyroid cancers and thyroid carcinomas, inversion events are most often the cause of RET-CCDC6 and APAK9-BRAF gene fusions, respectively (Figure 2B and Figure 3B) [105,128].