NLRP3 and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: However, overactivated microglia provide excessive amounts of the inflammatory ligands IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, causing ROS, iNOS, NFκB, and NLRP3 inflammatory complex activation; additionally, disruption of neuronal homeostasis was observed in ischemic optic neuropathy [11,51,52].