Since currently available COPD treatment has a very limited beneficial effects on oxidative stress, several drugs targeting oxidative stress-associated pathways, such as thioredoxin (TRX) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), have been developed for COPD treatment to regulate the redox system precisely [6,10,11,12] to ameliorate the molecular pathogenesis of COPD. This evidence concerns the gene TXN and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.