Recently, the study by Retamal et al. [126] further showed that Cx46 in the lens was carbonylated by 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in a selenite-induced cataract animal model, suggesting that Cx46 is post-translationally modified by a lipid peroxide and that this modification reduces Cx46 HC activity. This evidence concerns the gene GJA3 and cataract.