Moreover, it was noted that the effect of MCP-1 on invasion and adhesion was independent of M2d macrophages (TAMs—tumor-associated macrophages), which play a role in tumor formation by activation of proinflammatory intracellular pathways, transformation into a form which inhibits signaling routes associated with cytokine expression, stimulation of angiogenesis and migration enabling metastasis [70]. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is neoplasm.