Expression of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a commonly used biomarker for the alkylating agent temozolomide in glioma and glioblastoma patients [25], and temozolomide has recently shown to be effective in combination with the base excision repair inhibitor TRC102 (methoxamine) in patients with relapsed solid tumors and lymphomas [53] (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene MGMT and glioma.