INS and cancer: The fly daf-16 orthologue FOXO, which is involved in lifespan extension, blocks phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) effect on cell number and the down-regulation of IGF-1 or insulin-AKT/PKB axis, which is reported to promote cancer growth and metastasis in fruit flies, can extend lifespan by up to 85% and inhibit uncontrolled cell growth [46,47,48].