The results from the Ecuadorian cohort of LS patients showed that these individuals are protected from age-related pathologies, in particular cancer and type 2 diabetes, similarly to the results obtained from GH-deficient mice, which are characterized by a 49% decrease in neoplasms’ incidence and an increase in insulin sensitivity compared to control mice [6,59,70,71,72,73,74]. The gene discussed is GH1; the disease is cancer.