Furthermore, treating BALB/c mice inoculated with mouse breast cancer cells with the SMO inhibitor GDC-0449 or GLI inhibitor GANT61 inhibited tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting Hh pathway activation, reducing cancer cell survival, and inducing apoptosis [138], confirming an oncogenic role of SMO-dependent GLI signaling in breast cancer tumorigenesis. This evidence concerns the gene GLI1 and cancer.