TP53 and neoplasm: Despite the numerous reports regarding the pro-tumor effects of HO-1, overexpression of HO-1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma upregulates the tumor-suppressive factors, miR-378 and p53 expression; downregulates angiopoietin-1 and mucin-5AC (MUC5AC); suppresses cell proliferation and migration; and rather unexpectedly diminishes angiogenic potential CO to act as a mediator of HO-1 effects [52].