CYBB and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Further to this, although NOX2-KO mice fed a high fat diet still demonstrated insulin resistance compared to NOX2-KO mice on a standard diet, the magnitude of insulin resistance was significantly smaller, and the production of O2•− was no longer increased, implying that Nox2 has a pivotal role in the insulin resistance and ROS production associated with type 2 diabetes [136].