The activation of IFNAR1/STAT1 signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by IFN-α is associated with the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment favoring the expression of PD-L1 in HNSCC cells, PD-1 in immune cells and impairs the lithic activity of NK cells [103]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNAR1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.